Model Abstraction for Circuit Simulation
Compact device models used in circuit simulation remain as the base of
the electronic CAD design system, since it is the first abstraction
level above the spatial coordinates. Yet compact models were less
useful in consideration of predictive designs during technology
evolution owing to many nonphysical fittings for the purpose of
accuracy. In recent years as the computational resources become more
powerful and accessible, technology CAD tools and environment have
grown mature on their usage and calibration in the device level.
However, on a circuit-module level (typically 500 to 10,000 circuit
elements), TCAD tools, even though they can be presumed as very
accurate and predictive, are still much too expensive. The abstraction
step toward compact models must be applied. Traditionally, parameter
extraction for compact models is based on optimal fit of IV or CV data
obtained from lab measurements or simulated TCAD terminal
characteristics. The number of circuit elements inside the
compact model is usually fixed and the linkage hardwired. This procedure
will lose most of the insight and sensitivity of the detailed profile
information provided by the TCAD simulations.
An alternative method for model extraction is proposed. We propose an
alternative method for parameter extraction. Given the solution
profiles from device simulators, a more flexible and physically
transparent compact model can be constructed accordingly. The values
of these circuit elements are bias (or state) dependent (nonlinear
resistors and capacitors), but advanced circuit simulators which
provide two-terminal table-lookup and/or nonlinear parameter
calculations can take these inputs with little extra efforts. This
approach has the following advantages over the conventional method of
optimal fitting:
- the linkage and the number of circuit elements is
not hardwired.
- the error in device simulation parameters (such as
mobility) can be directly reflected on the circuit element parameters
(such as resistance).
- the circuit elements are physically
transparent. The improvement of compact models can be done in an
automatic, evolutionary way, based on the the progress of the device
simulation.
Edwin Kan (kan@gloworm.Stanford.EDU)
AEL 201
Integrated Circuits Laboratory
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305-4055